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  \newcommand{\Re}{\mathrm{Re}\,}
  \newcommand{\pFq}[5]{{}_{#1}\mathrm{F}_{#2} \left( \genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{#3}{#4} \bigg| {#5} \right)}
$
We consider, for various values of $s$, the $n$-dimensional integral
\begin{align}
  \label{def:Wns}
  W_n (s)
  &:=
  \int_{[0, 1]^n}
    \left| \sum_{k = 1}^n \mathrm{e}^{2 \pi \mathrm{i} \, x_k} \right|^s \mathrm{d}\boldsymbol{x}
\end{align}
which occurs in the theory of uniform random walk integrals in the plane,
where at each step a unit-step is taken in a random direction.  As such,
the integral \eqref{def:Wns} expresses the $s$-th moment of the distance
to the origin after $n$ steps.
By experimentation and some sketchy arguments we quickly conjectured and
strongly believed that, for $k$ a nonnegative integer
\begin{align}
  \label{eq:W3k}
  W_3(k) &= \Re \, \pFq32{\frac12, -\frac k2, -\frac k2}{1, 1}{4}.
\end{align}
Appropriately defined, \eqref{eq:W3k} also holds for negative odd integers.
The reason for \eqref{eq:W3k} was  long a mystery, but it will be explained
at the end of the paper.

Latest revision as of 14:32, 18 October 2023

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