03-287 S. Adams and J.-B. Bru

A New Microscopic Theory of Superfluidity at all Temperatures (698K, Postscript) Jun 18, 03

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Abstract. Following the program suggested in [1], we get a new microscopic theory of superfluidity for all temperatures and densities. In particular, the corresponding phase diagram of this theory exhibits: (i) a thermodynamic behavior corresponding to the Mean-Field Gas for small densities or high temperatures, (ii) the ''Landau-type'' excitation spectrum in the presence of non-conventional Bose condensation for high densities or small temperatures, (iii) a coexistence of particles inside and outside the condensate with the formation of ``Cooper pairs'', even at zero-temperature experimentally, an estimate of the fraction of condensate in liquid helium 4 at T=0 K is 9%, see [2,3]. In contrast to Bogoliubov's last approach and with the caveat that the full interacting Hamiltonian is truncated, the analysis performed here is rigorous by involving for the first time a complete thermodynamic analysis of a non-trivial continuous gas in the canonical ensemble.

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