Videos for Section 2.4


As we saw in Chapter 1, it's often useful to change from one set of coordinates (say, corresponding to the basis $\mathcal{B}$) to a different set of coordinates (say, corresponding to a different basis $\mathcal{D}$.) This is accomplished with a change-of-basis matrix $P_{\mathcal{DB}}$.

  1. The definition of the matrix is that, for any vector ${\bf v}\in V$, $$ [{\bf v}]_\mathcal{D} = P_{\mathcal{DB}} [{\bf v}]_\mathcal{B}.$$ Note that, in our notation, $P_{\mathcal{DB}}$ converts from the $\mathcal{B}$ basis to the $\mathcal{D}$ basis, not the other way around.

  2. The formula for the matrix is $$P_{\mathcal{DB}} = \begin{pmatrix} \phantom{a} &&& \cr [{\bf b}_1]_\mathcal{D} & [{\bf b}_2]_\mathcal{D} & \cdots & [{\bf b}_n]_\mathcal{D} \cr\phantom{a} &&& \end{pmatrix}.$$ In particular, if $V={\bf R}^n$ and $\mathcal{E}$ is the standard basis, then $$P_{\mathcal{EB}} = \begin{pmatrix} \phantom{a}&&& \cr {\bf b}_1 & {\bf b}_2 & \cdots & {\bf b}_n \cr \phantom{a}&&& \end{pmatrix}.$$
  3. If you think of $P_{\mathcal{DB}}$ as converting from $\mathcal{B}$ to $\mathcal{D}$, then it's easy to see how to combine change-of-basis matrices: $$ P_{\mathcal{BD}} = \left ( P_{\mathcal{DB}} \right )^{-1}; \qquad P_{\mathcal{BD}} = P_{\mathcal{BC}} P_{\mathcal{CD}}.$$